{"id":101,"date":"2012-08-28T00:52:08","date_gmt":"2012-08-27T21:52:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/?p=101"},"modified":"2012-08-28T21:30:37","modified_gmt":"2012-08-28T18:30:37","slug":"musteri-neden-kacar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/?p=101","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fc\u015fteri Neden Ka\u00e7ar ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">MUTSUZ M\u00dc\u015eTER\u0130 23 YIL KONU\u015eUR<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00fc\u015fteri edinmenin, mevcut m\u00fc\u015fteriyi elde tutmaktan daha pahal\u0131 oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda, bu oran\u0131n 10 kata kadar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Ancak, bir de \u2018\u2019 m\u00fc\u015fteriyi mutsuz\u2019\u2019 yap\u0131p elde tutmak var. Bu durumda ise hem m\u00fc\u015fteri ka\u00e7\u0131yor hem de \u2018\u2019 ayakl\u0131\u2019\u2019 propaganda arac\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, \u2018\u2019mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019nin, mutlulardan 2 kat daha fazla ki\u015fiyle deneyimlerini anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor. \u00dcstelik internet nedeniyle bu say\u0131 katlanabiliyor. En \u00f6nemlisi ise unutma s\u00fcresi \u00e7ok uzun y\u0131llar alabiliyor.<\/p>\n<table width=\"432\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\"><strong>M\u00fc\u015fteriler \u015firketi neden terk \u00a0 ediyor?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Gerek\u00e7e<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Oran (%)<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>1.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan Davran\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">42,6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>2.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">M\u00fc\u015fteriye kendini de\u011fersiz \u00a0 hissettirmek<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">29,7%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>3.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">D\u00fcr\u00fcst olmayan davran\u0131\u015flar<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">27,0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>4.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte etik olmama<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">26,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>5.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">K\u00f6t\u00fc \u00fcr\u00fcn sunumu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">18,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>6.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">Sorumluya ula\u015famama<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">17,8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>7.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">Tutars\u0131zl\u0131k<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">8,6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>8.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">Fiyat<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">8,1%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>9.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">Ula\u015famama<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">7,6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"26\"><strong>10.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"316\">M\u00fc\u015fteriyi anlama orunu<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"90\">6,5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Kaynak:Ivey Business Journal\u2019in 1000 m\u00fc\u015fteriyle y\u00fcz y\u00fcze yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131. M\u00fc\u015fterilere \u201cneden \u015firketi terk ettiniz\u201d sorusuna al\u0131nan yan\u0131tlar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirmesinden olu\u015fmu\u015ftur<em>. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">\u2018\u2019MUTSUZLU\u011eUN \u00d6NLEM\u0130N\u0130N 5 YOLU VAR\u2019\u2019<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><\/strong><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>M\u00dc\u015eTER\u0130 NE ZAMAN MUTSUZ OLUR? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri, tam s\u0131n\u0131rda yer al\u0131p \u00fcr\u00fcn ya da hizmetinizden \u00e7ekilmekte olan m\u00fc\u015fteridir. Bu mutsuzluk, verdi\u011finiz hizmetteki ya da \u00fcr\u00fcn kalitenizdeki bir eksikten kaynaklanabilir. Tam \u2018\u2019\u00e7ekilmenin s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131nda\u2019\u2019 oldu\u011funu, tekrar not etmek istiyorum. Bu y\u00fczden \u015firketler, M\u00fc\u015fteri tekrar kazanma stratejileri geli\u015ftirip, onlar\u0131 mutsuz hale getiren sorunlarla m\u00fccadele etmelidir. Bu da be\u015f par\u00e7adan olu\u015fan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir: \u2018\u2019Hatan\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu \u00fcstlenin\u2019\u2019, \u2018\u2019Hata ya da sorunlarla ilgili \u00f6z\u00fcr dileyin\u2019\u2019, \u2018\u2019Kabul edilebilir biz \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in m\u00fc\u015fteriyle ortakl\u0131k yap\u0131n ula\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 takip edin.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Burada \u00f6nemli olan unsur; Kimi m\u00fc\u015fteriler bir hayli karl\u0131d\u0131r, kimi m\u00fc\u015fteriler ise daha az karl\u0131d\u0131r. Bain &amp; Co.\u2019ya g\u00f6re m\u00fc\u015fterilerin y\u00fczde 15\u2019i karl\u0131 de\u011fildir. Sizin i\u00e7in karl\u0131 olmayan bir m\u00fc\u015fteriyi memnun etmek i\u00e7in para harcamay\u0131n. \u0130nsan neden kar b\u0131rakmayan bir m\u00fc\u015fteriyi muhafaza etmek istesin ki?<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>MUTSUZUN \u015e\u0130RKETE ETK\u0130S\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u00fckemmel bir soru, genelde de ihmal edilen nokta i\u015fte tam buras\u0131d\u0131r. Mutsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar aras\u0131nda, hemen hemen \u2018\u2019bire bir\u2019\u2019 diyebilece\u011fimiz bir ili\u015fki vard\u0131r. Bu i\u00e7g\u00fcd\u00fcsel olarak geli\u015fen bir durumdur. Mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteriler, \u015firketi arayacak ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in hayat\u0131 daha zor k\u0131lacakt\u0131r. Kimse \u015fik\u00e2yet dinlemekten ho\u015flanmaz, o y\u00fczden \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar da mutsuz hale gelir ve belki de i\u015fi b\u0131rak\u0131r. Bu durumu giderek bir k\u0131s\u0131r d\u00f6ng\u00fc haline gelir; zira mutsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar m\u00fc\u015fteriye \u00e7ok da iyi davran\u0131lmamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar, bu durum da tekrar mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fterilere yol a\u00e7ar, bu durum da tekrar mutsuz \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara ve bu b\u00f6yle s\u00fcrer gider. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 korumakla ilgileniyorsan\u0131z, \u00f6nce m\u00fc\u015fterilerinizi korumakla ilgilenmelisiniz.<\/p>\n<p><strong>BU KONUDA BA\u015eARILILAR VAR MI? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Starbucks, kahvesini i\u00e7mek i\u00e7in uzun s\u00fcre bekleyen baz\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterilerinin memnuniyetsiz oldu\u011fu bilgisine sahipti. Bu bekleme s\u00fcresini azaltacak kadrolar\u0131 i\u015fe al\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 40 milyon dolarl\u0131k bir maliyete yol a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin ediyordu. Mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fterilerin, \u00f6m\u00fcrleri boyunca bir m\u00fc\u015fteri olarak yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 dolar harcad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 saptad\u0131. Bu rakam, mutlu m\u00fc\u015fteriler i\u00e7in 8 bin dolara kadar ula\u015f\u0131yordu. Starbuck bu rakamlar\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurarak, 40 milyon dolarl\u0131k yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><strong>MEMNUN OLMAYANIN \u0130NT\u0130AMI.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda herkesin ba\u015f\u0131ndan benzer bir deneyim ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. Bir ma\u011faza al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi, bir tatil deneyimi, kalitesiz \u00e7\u0131kan bir \u00fcr\u00fcn ya da vaat edilenden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczeyde bir hizmet. Bu tip deneyimler sonras\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcketici davran\u0131\u015f\u0131, genellikle \u00fcr\u00fcn hakk\u0131nda olumsuz konu\u015fmak, sohbetlerde ya da konu a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bir anlamda k\u00f6t\u00fc propaganda yapmak \u015feklinde olur. \u0130nternetin de ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla \u2018\u2019k\u00f6t\u00fc propaganda\u2019\u2019n\u0131n yay\u0131lma h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131, bu tehlikeyi daha da \u00f6nemli hale getiriyor. Y\u00f6netim ustas\u0131 Philip Kotler, bu tip m\u00fc\u015fterileri, \u2018\u2019Kay\u0131p olmak \u00fczereler\u2019\u2019 diye nitelendiriliyor. Ona g\u00f6re, \u00f6nlem al\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde ortadan kaybolacaklar. Kotler \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u2018\u2019 Memnun olmayan m\u00fc\u015fterilerin kay\u0131p oran\u0131n\u0131n normalde % 100 olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bunun aksini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnemezsiniz. Sadece elektrik, do\u011fal gaz gibi tekel olan sekt\u00f6rler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda hemen ba\u015fka rakiplere giderler. \u00c7ok ender olarak \u0131srar ettikleri ya da size bir \u015fans daha verdikleri g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sizden sat\u0131n almaya devam ediyorsa, onlarda bir \u2018mazo\u015fistlik\u2019 vard\u0131r.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, kendine k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele edilmekten ho\u015flanan, memnun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde \u015firketle ili\u015fkisine devam eden m\u00fc\u015fteri d\u00fczeyinin \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seyretti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><strong>M\u00dc\u015eTER\u0130 ED\u0130NMEK PAHALI, EL\u0130NDEK\u0130N\u0130 TUT.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada \u2018\u2019hiper\u2019\u2019 rekabet d\u00f6nemi ya\u015fan\u0131yor, yeni oyuncular\u0131n kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131yla rekabet de art\u0131yor. B\u00f6yle bir ortamda medya da daha etkin hale geliyor. \u015eirketler, \u00f6ne ge\u00e7mek ve daha \u00e7ok m\u00fc\u015fteri edinmek i\u00e7in giderek artan oranda medyay\u0131, rekl\u00e2mlar\u0131 kullan\u0131yorlar. \u2018\u2019Profit Brand\u2019\u2019 (Karl\u0131 Marka) adl\u0131 kitab\u0131n yazar\u0131 Nick Wreden, \u2018\u2019Bu rekabet ortam\u0131nda \u00e7ok tehlikeli bir geli\u015fme var. \u015eirketler, ellerindeki m\u00fc\u015fteriyi tutma ve onlardan daha fazla yararlanma yoluna gitmiyorlar. Onun yerine s\u00fcrekli yeni m\u00fc\u015fteri edinme konusunda odaklan\u0131yorlar. Oysa yeni m\u00fc\u015fteri edinme giderek zorla\u015f\u0131yor ve pahal\u0131 hale geliyor\u2019\u2019 diye konu\u015fuyor. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Sales&amp;Marketing dergisinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda bu y\u00f6nde mesajlar i\u00e7eriyor. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, 2001 y\u0131l\u0131nda, bir sat\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmesinin de\u011feri 113,25 dolar idi. Bu rakam, 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda 336 dolara ula\u015ft\u0131. Rakamlar da sat\u0131\u015f\u0131n, m\u00fc\u015fteri edinmenin ne kadar pahal\u0131 hale geldi\u011fi ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar da yeni m\u00fc\u015fteri edinmenin, mevcut ve sad\u0131k olan\u0131 tutmaktan kat kat maliyetli oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n<table width=\"433\" border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\" valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"405\"><strong>M\u00fc\u015fteri &#8220;sadakati&#8221; \u00a0 i\u00e7in neler gerekiyor?<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>1.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan Davran\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">44,2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>2.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">Vaatlere uymak<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">39,2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>3.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">Geri d\u00f6nme politikas\u0131<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">35,5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>4.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">A\u00e7\u0131k \u00fcr\u00fcn bilgisi<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">35,2%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>5.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">M\u00fc\u015fteriye de\u011fer verme<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">31,0%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>6.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">Se\u00e7enek sunma<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">30,5%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>7.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">\u00c7al\u0131\u015fana ula\u015fma<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">27,8%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>8.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">Sorunlara \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm bulma<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">26,7%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>9.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">Tutarl\u0131l\u0131k<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">25,4%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"28\"><strong>10.<\/strong><\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"323\">D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck fiyat<\/td>\n<td valign=\"bottom\" nowrap=\"nowrap\" width=\"82\">24,6%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>(Kaynak: Ivey Business Journal-M\u00fc\u015fteriler aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n sonucu)<\/p>\n<p>Bu konuda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalardan \u015fu mesajlar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor:<\/p>\n<p>* Birle\u015fik Devletler M\u00fc\u015fteri \u0130li\u015fkileri \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Ofisi\u2019nin tahminlerine g\u00f6re, m\u00fc\u015fteri edinmek, mevcudu elde tutmaktan 5 kat daha maliyetli.<\/p>\n<p>*\u00a0Gartner\u2019\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ise finansal hizmetler sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc kaps\u0131yor. Buna g\u00f6re, bir finansal hizmetler \u015firketi, yeni m\u00fc\u015fteri edinmek i\u00e7in 280 dolar harcarken, mevcut m\u00fc\u015fterileri i\u00e7in sadece 57 dolar harc\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>*\u00a0\u00dcstelik elde tutulan, ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k yaratabilen m\u00fc\u015fteriler daha karl\u0131, Nick Wreden\u2019in ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, perakende sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde sad\u0131k m\u00fc\u015fteri ortalama 3 kat daha fazla harcama yap\u0131yor. Bu, baz\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fteri ve sekt\u00f6rde 20 kat\u0131na kadar \u00e7\u0131kabiliyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong>\u00a0Harvard Business Review\u2019a g\u00f6re, yeni m\u00fc\u015fteri edinmek, mevcut tutmaktan\u00a0 5-10 kat daha pahal\u0131. Bain\u2019in ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ise bunun 10 kat daha masrafl\u0131 oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong>\u00a0Michigan \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma, yeni bir m\u00fc\u015fteri edinmek i\u00e7in harcanan her 1 dolar, \u015firkete 60 dolarl\u0131k gelir olarak geri d\u00f6nebiliyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong>\u00a0D\u00fcnyaca \u00fcnl\u00fc dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k \u015firketi Bain\u2019in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re, elde tutulan m\u00fc\u015fteri oran\u0131ndaki y\u00fczde 5\u2019lik art\u0131\u015f, \u015firketin kar\u0131n\u0131 % 25 oran\u0131nda art\u0131rabiliyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>*<\/strong>\u00a0M\u00fc\u015fteriyi elde tutman\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f art\u0131rmas\u0131 konusunda da g\u00fcc\u00fc var. Oysa \u015firketler, sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ne zaman dibe vursa, \u00f6nlem olarak yeni m\u00fc\u015fteri \u00e7ekme stratejisine y\u00f6nelirler. Bu tip durumlarda \u015firketlerin yeni m\u00fc\u015fteri elde etme konusunda sadece %5 \u015fanslar\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>MUTSUZLAR,\u00a0 K\u00f6t\u00fc Reklam Makinesimi ? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar bu soruya <strong>\u2018\u2019Evet, hem de aktif\u00a0k\u00f6t\u00fc reklam makinesi\u2019\u2019<\/strong> yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 veriyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 hizmet ya da \u00fcr\u00fcnden ho\u015fnut olmaya, \u015firketten k\u00f6t\u00fc muamele g\u00f6ren m\u00fc\u015fteriler, bunu \u00e7ok uzun s\u00fcre unutmayabiliyorlar. \u00dcstelik s\u00fcrekli de bu konu \u00fczerinde konu\u015fup, olumsuz propaganda yapabiliyorlar. Y\u00f6netim dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Don Peppers, \u2018\u2019\u0130nternetle birlikte mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fterinin etkisi daha da artt\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc mail, t\u00fcketici siteleri ve blog\u2019lar sayesinde mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fterinin deneyimi bir anda d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda da yay\u0131labiliyor\u2019\u2019 diye konu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcrk i\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda \u00e7ok eski bir deyim vard\u0131r;<\/p>\n<p>\u2018\u2019Memnuniyetinizi dostlar\u0131n\u0131za, \u015fik\u00e2yetlerinizi de bize bildirin.\u2019\u2019 Ancak, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn t\u00fcketicisi, bunun tam b\u00f6yle yapm\u0131yor. \u015eik\u00e2yeti hem \u015firkete hem de dostlar\u0131na s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Bu nedenle de etkisi daha dramatik oluyor.<\/p>\n<p>\u2018\u2019Mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019\u2019 ya da \u2018\u2019Tatmin olmayan\u2019\u2019 m\u00fc\u015fterinin etkisi \u00fczerine \u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar var. Bunlardan farkl\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. Ancak, ana hatlar\u0131yla \u015fu ba\u015fl\u0131klar ortaya \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor:<\/p>\n<p>Nick Wreden\u2019in ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u2018\u2019elde tutulamayan, mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019\u2019, \u015firket i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli tehditlerden biri. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u2018\u2019 mutlu m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019\u2019, bu memnuniyetini ortalama 4-5 ki\u015fiye anlat\u0131yor. Oysa \u2018\u2019memnun olmayanlar\u2019\u2019 ortalama 8 ila 13 ki\u015fiyle bu konuyu payla\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Yine Nick Wreden\u2019e g\u00f6re, bu rakam, memnuniyetsizli\u011fin internet ortam\u0131nda payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde daha da y\u00fcksek d\u00fczeylere \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. \u0130nternet ortam\u0131nda, k\u00f6t\u00fc haber, iyi haberden 2 kat daha fazla h\u0131zla yay\u0131l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>University of Western Ontario\u2019nun ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131na g\u00f6re ise tipik bir \u2018\u2019tatmin olmayan m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019\u2019, bu deneyimini ortalama 8\u201310 ki\u015fiye anlat\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>Pepperdine &amp;Brown adl\u0131 dan\u0131\u015fmanl\u0131k \u015firketinin ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 ise bu rakam\u0131n 8\u201310 ki\u015fi aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. Buna g\u00f6re, \u2018\u2019mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteriyi\u2019\u2019 mutlu etmek i\u00e7in 12 defa \u00e7ok iyi hizmet vermek gerekiyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00c7OK \u00d6ZEL STRATEJ\u0130LER<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u2018\u2019Mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019\u2019 sorunu, do\u011fal olarak en \u00e7ok son t\u00fcketiciye y\u00f6nelik sekt\u00f6rlerde hissediliyor. Listenin ba\u015f\u0131nda ise GSM, bankac\u0131l\u0131k, sigorta, elektronik, dayan\u0131kl\u0131 t\u00fcketim, perakende \u015firketleri yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcketici odakl\u0131 kurumlardan biri olan Yap\u0131 Kredi\u2019nin genel m\u00fcd\u00fcr yard\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131 Nazan Somer, kendi sekt\u00f6rleri i\u00e7in bu tehdidin her zaman oldu\u011funa dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. \u2018\u2019Mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fterilerin memnuniyetsizliklerini daha fazla ki\u015fiyle payla\u015f\u0131yor oldu\u011fu, genel pazarlama kuramlar\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f durumda\u2019\u2019 diyen Somer, \u015funlara dikkat \u00e7ekiyor: \u2018\u2019\u00d6rne\u011fin, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u2018m\u00fc\u015fteri memnuniyetini ara\u015ft\u0131rma\u2019 metodolojisi kapsam\u0131nda hesaplanan \u2018Pazar direnci\u2019 oran\u0131 da bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 temel al\u0131yor. Ayr\u0131ca, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde m\u00fc\u015fterilerin medya ve internet arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla daha geni\u015f kitlelere k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ula\u015fabilmesi ve t\u00fcketicilerin ki\u015fisel haklar\u0131 konusunda daha fazla bilin\u00e7lenmeleri, \u015fik\u00e2yet ve sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 daha yayg\u0131n kitlelere an\u0131nda duyurmalar\u0131na olanak sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Buna paralel olarak da kurumlar\u0131n bu konudaki \u015fik\u00e2yetleri hem \u00f6nleyen hem de \u00e7\u00f6zen ekipleri geli\u015fiyor.\u2019\u2019 Nazan Somer. Bu konuda bir ba\u015fka geli\u015fmeye de dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. Ona g\u00f6re, T\u00fcrk t\u00fcketicisi, daha \u00e7ok \u2018\u2019\u015fik\u00e2yetleri\u2019\u2019 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131karmaktan yana. \u2018\u2019Memnuniyeti\u2019\u2019 konu\u015fanlar\u0131n oran\u0131 fazla de\u011fil. Somer, \u2018\u2019Bankam\u0131zda genelde te\u015fekk\u00fcr mektuplar\u0131, ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z ba\u015fvurular\u0131n %5-6\u2019s\u0131n\u0131 ge\u00e7miyor. Bu \u00f6nemli bir g\u00f6sterge\u2019\u2019 diye konu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>YEN\u0130 D\u00d6NEM\u0130N GER\u00c7E\u011e\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bir bankan\u0131n y\u00f6neticisi, \u2018\u2019Bu konuda bizim sekt\u00f6r \u00e7ok \u00e7eki\u015fiyor. En ufak bir sorunda m\u00fc\u015fteri \u00f6fkeleniyor ve bu memnuniyetsizli\u011fini yaymaya ba\u015fl\u0131yor. \u0130nternetle birlikte bu tam bir tehdit haline geldi\u2019\u2019 diye konu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n<p>Turkcell\u2019den \u0130lkan B\u00fclb\u00fcl ayn\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fte. \u2018\u2019M\u00fc\u015fteriler genelde ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7ok olumlu veya olumsuz tecr\u00fcbeleri yayma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir e\u011filim i\u00e7erisindeler\u2019\u2019 diyen B\u00fclb\u00fcl, \u015funlar\u0131 ilave ediyor: \u2018\u2019Ger\u00e7ekte beklentilerinin \u00e7ok \u00fczerinde bir tecr\u00fcbeyi, beklentilerinin alt\u0131nda bir tecr\u00fcbeye g\u00f6re daha az ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131ndan, mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri daha \u00e7ok haber yayma e\u011filimindedir. Bu bence her sekt\u00f6r i\u00e7in ge\u00e7erlidir.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n<p>B\u00fclb\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn belirtti\u011fi gibi etki \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli sekt\u00f6rlerde g\u00f6zleniyor. Bunlardan biri de giyim perakendeli\u011fi Collezione markas\u0131n\u0131n sahibi Akyi\u011fit Tekstil\u2019in Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ekrem Akyi\u011fit, \u2018\u2019\u0130nsanlar ele\u015ftirmeyi \u00e7ok sever, hatta bay\u0131l\u0131r\u2019\u2019 diye konu\u015fuyor. Ona g\u00f6re, m\u00fc\u015fteriye bu \u015fans\u0131n verilmesi halinde, sonuna kadar de\u011ferlendirir, haber de\u011feri varsa da bunu ilgili yerlere ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. Akyi\u011fit, \u015fu de\u011ferlendirmeyi yap\u0131yor: \u2018\u2019Hatta \u00e7o\u011fu zaman markaya asla bir \u015fans daha vermez ve konuda etraf\u0131ndakileri ileri derecede etkiler. B\u00f6ylece halka b\u00fcy\u00fcyerek devam eder. Etkisi bitti\u011finde maliyeti \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek olur, ke\u015fke dememek ve mutlu eden marka olmak i\u00e7in az maliyetle yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla sayg\u0131n bir marka olmak gerekiyor. Mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri; kaybedilen de\u011ferdir.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u2018\u2019KAL\u0130TES\u0130Z H\u0130ZMET\u0130N A\u011eIR BEDEL\u0130\u2019\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Giyim perakendeli\u011finin \u00f6nde gelen markalar\u0131ndan Mudo\u2019nun sahibi Mustafa Tavilo\u011flu\u2019na g\u00f6re, \u2018\u2019mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteriler\u2019\u2019, kalitesiz hizmet vermenin bedeli. \u2018\u2019Kalitesiz hizmet demek, m\u00fc\u015fteriyi ka\u00e7\u0131rmak anlam\u0131na gelir\u2019\u2019 diyen Tavilo\u011flu, \u015fu de\u011ferlendirmeyi yap\u0131yor: \u2018\u2019Fark\u0131nda olmadan mutsuz etti\u011finiz her m\u00fc\u015fteri de gelip derdini size anlatmaz. \u0130\u015fte burada b\u00fcy\u00fck bir problem vard\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc mutsuz olan m\u00fc\u015fteri size k\u00fcser ve mutsuzlu\u011funu \u00e7evresindeki yak\u0131nlar\u0131na anlat\u0131p sizden dert yanmaya ba\u015flar. Bu da zincirleme bir mutsuzlu\u011fu ve firman\u0131z hakk\u0131nda olumsuz g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri do\u011furur. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve istatistikler de bunu do\u011fruluyor.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Tavilo\u011flu\u2019na g\u00f6re, m\u00fc\u015fteriler, genelde kendilerini mutlu eden \u015feyleri \u00e7evresiyle payla\u015fmakta ne kadar \u2018\u2019cimri\u2019\u2019 ise, mutsuzluklar\u0131 anlatmakta da o kadar bonk\u00f6r davran\u0131yor. Tavilo\u011flu, \u2018\u2019 O nedenle mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fterinin olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tehdide kat\u0131l\u0131yorum\u2019\u2019 diyor.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><strong>\u2018\u2019KARSIZ M\u00dc\u015eTER\u0130 G\u0130D\u0130YORSA, ENGEL OLMAYIN \u2019\u2019<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>HER M\u00dc\u015eTER\u0130 E\u015e\u0130T DE\u011e\u0130L<\/strong><em> Ceo<\/em> ve y\u00f6neticilerin anlamalar\u0131 gereken ilk mesele, t\u00fcm m\u00fc\u015fterilerin e\u015fit olarak yarat\u0131lmad\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Kimi m\u00fc\u015fteriler di\u011ferlerinden daha karl\u0131d\u0131r. Ger\u00e7ekte, hemen hemen her \u00f6rnekte, m\u00fc\u015fterilerin y\u00fczde 20\u2019si, kar\u0131n y\u00fczde 80\u2019ini \u00fcretmektedir. M\u00fc\u015fterilerin y\u00fczde 15\u2019i karl\u0131 de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><strong>MUTSUZLU\u011eUN NEDEN\u0130 \u00d6NEML\u0130<\/strong><em> E\u011fer<\/em> \u00e7ok arkl\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fteriler mutsuz ise b\u00fcy\u00fck bir sorun var demektir. Ancak, e\u011fer kar b\u0131rakmayan m\u00fc\u015fterileriniz mutsuz ise, onlar\u0131 rakiplerinize g\u00f6nderebilirsiniz. \u00c7ok daha kapsaml\u0131 bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm i\u00e7in, m\u00fc\u015fterileri mutsuz eden nedenleri saptamak gerekir.<\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><strong>\u00dc\u00c7 KR\u0130T\u0130K SORU<\/strong><em> <\/em>Bunun i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 sorudan olu\u015fan bir anket yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\">\n<li>Bizi \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nelerden sorumlu tutmaktas\u0131n\u0131z? (Hizmet, kalite, sat\u0131\u015f sonras\u0131 destek, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ar-Ge vb.<\/li>\n<li>Bu \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 sorumluluklar\u0131n standartlar\u0131 nelerdir? (M\u00fc\u015fteriler \u00f6rne\u011fin \u2018zaman\u0131nda \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 teslim\u2019 diyorlarsa, burada \u2018zaman\u0131nda\u2019 ile neyi kastediyorlar; 1 saat mi, \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1 g\u00fcn m\u00fc, 2 hafta m\u0131?)<\/li>\n<li>1\u00a0 ile 10 aras\u0131nda bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, bu standartlar\u0131n sorumlulu\u011funu hangi d\u00fczeyde \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tutturabilmekteyiz?<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Bu \u00fc\u00e7 soru, CEO\u2019lara performanslar\u0131yla ilgili \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir bir kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma (\u2018benchmark\u2019) imk\u00e2n\u0131 sunuyor ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir derecelerin gelecekte yap\u0131lacak anketlerle de izlenmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u015e\u0130RKETLER\u0130N \u00d6ZEL \u00c7\u00d6Z\u00dcMLER\u0130 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(Kaynak Capital dergisi)<\/p>\n<p>Turkcell\u2019den \u0130lkan B\u00fclb\u00fcl, \u2018\u2019 Biz m\u00fc\u015fterilerimiz \u015fa\u015f\u0131rtarak, onlar\u0131 mutlu k\u0131lmay\u0131 ve etraf\u0131ndaki insanlarla bunlar\u0131 payla\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 istiyoruz\u2019\u2019 diye konu\u015fuyor. Bu kapsamda Turkcell\u2019in yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetliyor:<\/p>\n<p>\u2018\u2019\u00d6rne\u011fin, do\u011fum g\u00fcnlerinde kendilerine SMS hediye ediyoruz. Bir di\u011fer taraftan memnuniyetsiz m\u00fc\u015fteri \u015fik\u00e2yetlerini en h\u0131zl\u0131 s\u00fcrede \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme kavu\u015fturmay\u0131 ama\u00e7l\u0131yoruz. Bize call center ya da internet sitesi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ula\u015fan m\u00fc\u015fterilerimizin \u015fik\u00e2yetlerini giderme konusunda geli\u015fmi\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerimiz var. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 izliyor ve istatistiklerini tutuyoruz. Ayr\u0131ca, ba\u015fka sitelerde mutsuzlu\u011funu dile getiren m\u00fc\u015fterileri de mutlaka buluyor, sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcyoruz.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Collezione Y\u00f6netim Kurulu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Ekrem Akyi\u011fit ise \u2018\u2019Pazar ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 departman\u0131m\u0131z bu konuda s\u00fcrekli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yap\u0131yor\u2019\u2019 diye konu\u015fuyor. Akyi\u011fit, bu kapsamda \u2018\u2019 gizli m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019\u2019 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 ile di\u011fer zincir ma\u011fazalar\u0131 kapsayan \u2018\u2019benchmark\u2019\u2019 ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fcklerini s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor ve devam ediyor: \u2018\u2019Mutlu m\u00fc\u015fteri i\u00e7in t\u00fcm \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar say\u0131sal raporlar ile takip edilmeli. \u00c7ok s\u0131kl\u0131kla analiz yap\u0131lamal\u0131 ve varsa eksiklikler en k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede tamamlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n<p>Mudo\u2019nun sahibi Mustafa Tavilo\u011flu ise \u2018\u2019 mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019\u2019 olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek, say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel strateji uygulad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u00fcyorlar. Tavilo\u011flu\u2019nun yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/p>\n<p>\u2018\u2019 Art\u0131k m\u00fc\u015fteriler \u015fik\u00e2yetlerini ilgili firmadan \u00f6nce t\u00fcketici derneklerine, internet sitelerine y\u00e2da sanayi odalar\u0131na yap\u0131yorlar. Biz m\u00fc\u015fterilerimizin \u015fik\u00e2yetlerini \u00f6ncelikle bize bildirmelerini ama\u00e7l\u0131yoruz. Bunun i\u00e7in de bir\u00e7ok kanal\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k tutuyoruz. \u00d6ncelikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131m\u0131zla onlar\u0131n sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz. Ayr\u0131ca, internet sitemiz de m\u00fc\u015fterilerimizin yo\u011fun ilgisini \u00e7ekiyor. Hangi kanal olursa olsun, bize ula\u015fan m\u00fc\u015fteri \u015fik\u00e2yetlerini en ge\u00e7 2 g\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcme ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yor ve bilgilerini kay\u0131t alt\u0131na al\u0131yoruz. Ay sonunda haz\u0131rlanan m\u00fc\u015fteri memnuniyeti raporlar\u0131m\u0131z ile internet sitelerinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u2018m\u00fc\u015fteri dostu \u015firketler\u2019 s\u0131ralamalar\u0131 da bizim yapt\u0131klar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n do\u011fru oldu\u011funu ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>MUTSUZ M\u00dc\u015eTER\u0130 23 YIL KONU\u015eUR M\u00fc\u015fteri edinmenin, mevcut m\u00fc\u015fteriyi elde tutmaktan daha pahal\u0131 oldu\u011funu biliyoruz. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda, bu oran\u0131n 10 kata kadar \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Ancak, bir de \u2018\u2019 m\u00fc\u015fteriyi mutsuz\u2019\u2019 yap\u0131p elde tutmak var. Bu durumda ise hem m\u00fc\u015fteri ka\u00e7\u0131yor hem de \u2018\u2019 ayakl\u0131\u2019\u2019 propaganda arac\u0131 haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, \u2018\u2019mutsuz m\u00fc\u015fteri\u2019nin, mutlulardan 2 kat daha [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[4],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=101"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":111,"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/101\/revisions\/111"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=101"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/aslantozcan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}